Deadline: 21-Aug-2019 at 11:59:59 PM (Eastern Time – Washington D.C.) 
A key cause of child stunting in low-income settings could be related to asymptomatic gut infections known as environmental enteropathies (EE), caused in part by unhygienic conditions in early childhood. Thus, improvements in sanitation and hygiene conditions from the time of birth may help to prevent or reduce the prevalence of EE, and therefore stunting. Conventional water supply, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions, i.e. improved household toilets, improved drinking water, and handwashing with soap may not fully address these early fecal-oral exposures. For example, animal feces are likely a dominant source of fecal contamination in low-income settings even in areas of high sanitation coverage and low rates of open defecation. Similarly, food hygiene is an often-overlooked contributor to enteric infections in early childhood. Complementary hygiene interventions are needed to address neglected pathways of exposure.
that the rural population in LAC is decreasing in relative terms. In 2001, official figures indicated that 125 million people in LAC resided in rural areas representing 24% of the total LAC population. In 2013, this value decreased to 21% (130 million out of a total population of 609 million inhabitants), and it is estimated that by 2030, the rural population will decrease to represent 16.5% of the total (CEPAL, 2014).
he (the first female engineer had not graduated yet) would not recognize much of the technology we have today. Personal computers, cell phones, cars, planes, and antibiotics would probably be unfathomable to him. But he would definitely recognize our current piped water and sanitation (WSS) infrastructure, as it looks and operates almost exactly the same as it did 150 years ago. Certainly, there have been significant improvements in the sector, especially in water and wastewater treatment, but the principles on which the piped WSS technology is based have not seen any fundamental changes since the 1860s, when it was (re)introduced on a large scale.
torrents of heavy rain and flooding major rivers. Records from a young monk who witnessed the floods describe a muddy wave destroying levees and sweeping through villages. As levees and rivers collapsed, floodwaters rose in Edo, Japan’s largest c
infrastructure for wastewater management in the selected areas under its jurisdiction (Zones 1 and 4) plans to develop, operate and maintain following facilities:
Netherlands for the World Bank 
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