The global COVID-19 vaccination campaign will be the largest in history. The delivery of
COVID-19 vaccines presents challenges unprecedented in scale, speed and specificities, especially in low- and middleincome countries. In November 2020, anticipating the availability of safe and effective vaccines for COVID-19, the World Bank together with WHO, UNICEF, the Global Fund, and Gavi rolled out readiness assessments in more than 100 low and middle-income countries.